Nā pilikia kukui LED ma ka Horticulture

ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia nā luʻi i nā ʻenehana e kū mai ana, a aia nā pilikia i ka kukui horticultural horticultural LED. I kēia manawa, pāpaʻu loa ka ʻike o ka ʻenehana kukui paʻa. ʻO nā mea ʻepekema horticultural i hana i nā makahiki he nui ke aʻo nei i ka "formula māmā" o nā mea kanu. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kekahi o kēia mau "formula" hou i kēia manawa.

Hoʻonohonoho pinepine ʻia nā mea hana kukui ʻĀsia e like me nā huahana haʻahaʻa akā haʻahaʻa, a he nui nā huahana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma ka mākeke i nele i nā palapala hōʻoia kūpono e like me UL ratings, a me LM-79 luminaire hōʻike a me LM-80 LED hōʻike. Ua ho'āʻo ka nui o nā mea ulu e hoʻokomo i nā kukui LED i ka wā mua, akā ua huhū ʻia e ka hana maikaʻi ʻole o ka luminaire, no laila ʻo nā kukui sodium kiʻekiʻe ke kūlana gula ma ka ʻoihana.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, nui nā huahana kukui ulu LED kiʻekiʻe ma ka mākeke. Eia nō naʻe, pono nā mea kanu horticultural a me nā pua pua i nā metric maikaʻi aʻe e pili ana i ka noi. No ka laʻana, ua hoʻomaka ka American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) e hoʻomohala i nā metric standardized ma 2015. Ke noʻonoʻo nei kēia hana i nā metric e pili ana i ka spectrum PAR (Photosynthetically Active Radiation). ʻO ka laulā PAR ka mea maʻamau i wehewehe ʻia e like me ke kāʻei spectral o 400-700 nm, kahi e hoʻoikaika ikaika ai nā photons i ka photosynthesis. ʻO nā metric maʻamau e pili ana me PAR he photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) a me ka photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD).

Mea ʻai a me nā ana

Hoʻopili ʻia ka "recipe" a me nā metric no ka mea e pono ai ka mea ulu i nā ana e ʻike ai inā hāʻawi ka luminaire mea kanu i ka ikaika a me ka spectral power distribution (SPD), e komo pū ana me ka "recipe".

ʻO ka noiʻi mua i kālele ʻia i ka pilina o ka absorption chlorophyll i ka mana spectral, ʻoiai ʻo chlorophyll ke kī i ke kaʻina photosynthesis. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina Laboratory e pili ana nā piko o ka ikehu i ka kikoʻī uliuli a me ka ʻulaʻula me nā piko absorption, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hōʻike ka ikehu ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka absorption. ʻO ka noiʻi mua i alakaʻi ʻia i ka hoʻolako nui ʻana o nā kukui ʻulaʻula a poni paha ma ka mākeke.

Eia nō naʻe, ua kālele ka manaʻo o kēia manawa i ka mālamalama e hāʻawi ana i ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe i ka spectrum uliuli a me ka ʻulaʻula, akā i ka manawa like e hoʻopuka i kahi ākea ākea e like me ka lā.

He mea nui ke kukui keʻokeʻo

ʻO ka hoʻohana wale ʻana i nā kukui ulu ʻulaʻula a me ka uliuli LED he mea kahiko loa. Ke ʻike ʻoe i kahi huahana me kēia spectrum, hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma ka ʻepekema kahiko a hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia. ʻO ke kumu i koho ai ka poʻe i ka uliuli a me ka ʻulaʻula no ka mea ua kūlike kēia mau piko lōʻihi me nā ʻōkuhi absorption o chlorophyll a a me b i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ka paipu hōʻike. Ua ʻike mākou i kēia lā he mea pono nā lōʻihi nalu a pau o ka PAR no ka hoʻokele photosynthesis. ʻAʻohe kānalua he mea nui ka spectrum, akā pili ia i ka morphology mea kanu e like me ka nui a me ke ʻano.

Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻololi i ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka pua o nā mea kanu ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka spectrum. Hoʻoponopono mau kekahi mau mea kanu i ka ikaika māmā a me ka SPD no ka mea he mea like nā mea kanu me ka circadian rhythm, a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu he mau mele kūikawā a me nā koi "formulation".

He maikaʻi paha ka hui ʻulaʻula a me ka uliuli no nā lau lau e like me ka letus. Akā, ua'ōlelo pūʻo ia no nā mea kanu pua, me nā'ōmato,ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka ikaika ma mua o ka spectrum kūikawā, 90% o ka ikehu i loko o ke kukui sodium kiʻekiʻe i loko o ka'āpana melemele, a me nā lumens i nā kukui horticultural ulu (lm). ), lux (lx) A ʻoi aku ka pololei o ka pono ma mua o nā metric PAR-centric.

Hoʻohana ka poʻe loea i nā LED keʻokeʻo phosphor-hoʻololi ʻia i loko o kā lākou luminaires, me ke koena he ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha, a ʻo ke kukui kukui LED keʻokeʻo e hāʻawi i ka ikehu polū āpau e pono ai no ka hana maikaʻi loa.