Analysis on the Lighting of Newly-built Football Field
The lighting quality of the football field mainly depends on the level of illumination, the uniformity of illumination and the degree of glare control. The level of lighting required by athletes is different from that of spectators. For athletes, the required level of lighting is relatively low. The purpose of spectators is to watch the game. The lighting requirements increase with the increase in viewing distance.
When designing, it is necessary to consider the light output reduction caused by dust or light source attenuation during the life of the lamp. The attenuation of the light source depends on the environmental conditions of the installation site and the type of light source selected. Moreover, the degree of glare produced by the lamps depends on the lamp itself, the density of the lamps, the projection direction, the quantity, the viewing position in the stadium, and the environmental brightness. In fact, the number of lamps is related to the number of auditoriums in the stadium. Relatively speaking, the training ground only needs to install simple lamps and lanterns; while the large stadiums need to install more lamps and control the light beam to achieve the purpose of high illumination and low glare.
For spectators, the visibility of athletes is related to both vertical and horizontal illuminance. The vertical illuminance depends on the projection direction and position of the floodlight. Since the horizontal illuminance is easy to calculate and measure, the recommended value of illuminance refers to the horizontal illuminance. The number of spectators varies greatly due to different venues, and the viewing distance is related to the capacity of the venue, so the required illuminance of the venue increases with the increase of the stadium. We should focus on glare here, because its influence is great.
The installation height of the luminaire and the position of the floodlight affect the glare control. However, there are other related factors that affect glare control, such as: the light intensity distribution of the floodlight; the projection direction of the floodlight; the brightness of the stadium environment. The number of floodlights for each project is determined by the illuminance in the site. With the four-corner arrangement, the number of lighthouses is less than that of side lights, so less light enters the field of vision of athletes or spectators.
On the other hand, the number of floodlights used in the four-corner cloth lights is more than that of the side lights. From any point of the stadium, the sum of the light intensity of each lighthouse floodlight is more than that of the side lights. The light intensity of the belt mode should be large. Experiments show that it is difficult to choose between the two lighting methods. Generally, the choice of lighting method and the precise location of the lighthouse depend more on the cost or site conditions rather than lighting factors. It is recommended not to associate glare with illuminance, because when other factors are the same, as the illuminance increases, the adaptation level of the human eye also increases. In fact, the sensitivity to glare is not affected.
