Zovuta zowunikira za LED mu Horticulture

Zachidziwikire, pali zovuta muukadaulo uliwonse womwe ukubwera, ndipo pali zovuta pakuwunikira kwamaluwa amtundu wa LED. Pakalipano, zochitika zaukadaulo waukadaulo wowunikira zida zamphamvu zikadali zosazama kwambiri. Ngakhale asayansi olima maluwa omwe akhala akuchita zaka zambiri akuphunzirabe za “njira yopepuka” ya zomera. Zina mwa "njira" zatsopanozi sizikutheka pakali pano.

Opanga zowunikira ku Asia nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati zotsika mtengo koma zotsika mtengo, ndipo zinthu zambiri zotsika pamsika sizikhala ndi ziphaso zoyenera monga ma UL, komanso malipoti a LM-79 luminaire ndi malipoti a LM-80 LED. Alimi ambiri anayesa kuyika kuyatsa kwa LED koyambirira, koma adakhumudwa ndi kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa nyali, kotero nyali za sodium zokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zikadali muyezo wagolide pamsika.

Zachidziwikire, pali zinthu zambiri zowunikira zamtundu wa LED pamsika. Komabe, alimi amaluwa ndi maluwa amafunikirabe ma metrics abwinoko okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, Komiti ya American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) Agricultural Lighting Committee inayamba kupanga ma metric ovomerezeka mu 2015. Ntchitoyi ikuyang'ana ma metrics okhudzana ndi mawonekedwe a PAR (Photosynthetically Active Radiation). Mitundu ya PAR nthawi zambiri imatanthauzidwa ngati gulu lowoneka bwino la 400-700 nm, pomwe zithunzi zimayendetsa photosynthesis mwachangu. Ma metric omwe amalumikizidwa ndi PAR amaphatikiza photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) ndi photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD).

Chinsinsi ndi ma metrics

"Maphikidwe" ndi ma metrics amalumikizana chifukwa wolima amafunikira ma metric kuti adziwe ngati chomera chowunikira chimapereka mphamvu komanso kugawa kwamagetsi (SPD), zomwe zimaphatikizapo "chiphikidwe".

Kafukufuku woyambirira adayang'ana pa ubale wa mayamwidwe a chlorophyll ndi mphamvu zowoneka bwino, popeza chlorophyll ndiye chinsinsi cha photosynthesis. Kafukufuku wa labotale awonetsa kuti nsonga zamawonekedwe abuluu ndi ofiira zimafanana ndi nsonga za kuyamwa, pomwe mphamvu zobiriwira siziwonetsa kuyamwa. Kafukufuku woyambirira adayambitsa kuchulukitsidwa kwa kuwala kwa pinki kapena kofiirira pamsika.

Komabe, kulingalira kwamakono kwalunjika pa kuunikira komwe kumapereka mphamvu yapamwamba mu mawonekedwe a buluu ndi ofiira, koma nthawi yomweyo kumatulutsa kuwala kochuluka ngati kuwala kwa dzuwa.

Kuwala koyera ndikofunikira kwambiri

Kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zowala zofiira ndi zabuluu za LED ndi zachikale. Mukawona mankhwala okhala ndi sipekitiramu iyi, amachokera ku sayansi yakale ndipo nthawi zambiri samamvetsetsa. Chifukwa chimene anthu amasankhira buluu ndi wofiira ndi chifukwa nsonga za kutalika kwa mafundezi zimagwirizana ndi mayamwidwe a chlorophyll a ndi b olekanitsidwa mu chubu choyesera. Tikudziwa lero kuti mafunde onse a kuwala mumtundu wa PAR ndiwothandiza pakuyendetsa photosynthesis. Palibe kukayikira kuti sipekitiramu ndi yofunika, koma imagwirizana ndi ma morphology a zomera monga kukula ndi mawonekedwe.

Titha kukhudza kutalika ndi kuphuka kwa mbewu posintha mawonekedwe. Alimi ena amasinthasintha nthawi zonse kuwala kwa kuwala ndi SPD chifukwa zomera zimakhala ndi zofanana ndi nyimbo ya circadian, ndipo zomera zambiri zimakhala ndi machitidwe apadera komanso "zofunikira".

Kuphatikiza kwakukulu kofiira ndi buluu kungakhale kwabwino kwambiri kwa masamba amasamba monga letesi. Koma ananenanso kuti zomera zamaluwa, kuphatikizapo tomato, mphamvu zake zimakhala zamphamvu kuposa mawonekedwe apadera, 90% ya mphamvu mu nyali ya sodium yapamwamba imakhala m'dera lachikasu, ndi lumens mu zomera zamaluwa zamaluwa (lm. ), lux (lx) Ndipo kuthandizira kungakhale kolondola kwambiri kuposa ma metric a PAR-centric.

Akatswiri amagwiritsa ntchito 90% ma LED oyera otembenuzidwa ndi phosphor mu zounikira zawo, ndipo ena onse amakhala ofiira kapena ofiira kwambiri, ndipo kuwala kwa buluu kochokera ku LED kumapereka mphamvu zonse za buluu zomwe zimafunikira kuti apange bwino.