Zifukwa khumi zomwe madalaivala a LED amalephera
Kwenikweni, ntchito yayikulu ya dalaivala wa LED ndikusinthira gwero lamagetsi la AC kukhala gwero lapano lomwe mphamvu zake zotulutsa zimatha kusiyanasiyana ndi kutsika kwamagetsi kwa LED Vf.
Monga gawo lofunikira pakuwunikira kwa LED, mtundu wa dalaivala wa LED umakhudza mwachindunji kudalirika ndi kukhazikika kwa luminaire yonse. Nkhaniyi ikuyamba kuchokera ku dalaivala wa LED ndi matekinoloje ena okhudzana ndi zomwe makasitomala amagwiritsa ntchito, ndikuwunika zolephera zambiri pakupanga nyali ndi kugwiritsa ntchito:
1. Kusiyanasiyana kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyali ya LED Vf sikuganiziridwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyali ikhale yochepa komanso ngakhale kugwira ntchito kosakhazikika.
Mapeto a nyali ya LED nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zingwe zingapo za LED molumikizana, ndipo mphamvu yake yogwira ntchito ndi Vo=Vf*Ns, pomwe Ns imayimira kuchuluka kwa ma LED olumikizidwa motsatizana. Vf ya LED imasinthasintha ndi kusinthasintha kwa kutentha. Kawirikawiri, Vf imakhala yotsika pa kutentha kwakukulu ndipo Vf imakhala yokwera pa kutentha kochepa pamene kutentha kosalekeza kumayambitsidwa. Choncho, magetsi opangira magetsi a LED pa kutentha kwakukulu amafanana ndi VoL, ndipo magetsi opangira magetsi a LED pa kutentha kochepa amafanana ndi VoH. Mukasankha dalaivala wa LED, ganizirani kuti ma voliyumu amtundu wa dalaivala ndi wamkulu kuposa VoL~VoH.
Ngati mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu ya dalaivala yosankhidwa ya LED ndi yochepa kuposa VoH, mphamvu yaikulu ya luminaire ikhoza kufika pa mphamvu yeniyeni yofunikira pa kutentha kochepa. Ngati voteji yotsika kwambiri ya dalaivala yosankhidwa ya LED ndi yayikulu kuposa VoL, kutulutsa kwa dalaivala kumatha kupitilira kuchuluka kwa ntchito pa kutentha kwakukulu. Wosakhazikika, nyali idzawala ndi zina zotero.
Komabe, poganizira za mtengo wathunthu komanso magwiridwe antchito, kuchuluka kwamagetsi kwa dalaivala wa LED sikungatsatidwe: chifukwa voteji ya dalaivala imakhala pakanthawi kochepa, kuyendetsa bwino kwa dalaivala ndikokwera kwambiri. Pambuyo podutsa malire, mphamvu ndi mphamvu (PF) zidzakhala zoipitsitsa. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa voliyumu ya dalaivala ndikotambasula kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtengo uwonjezeke komanso kuchita bwino sikungakwaniritsidwe.
2. Kusaganizira za kusungidwa kwa Mphamvu ndikuchepetsa zofunikira
Mwambiri, mphamvu yadzina ya dalaivala wa LED ndi data yomwe imayesedwa pamagetsi ozungulira komanso ovotera. Poganizira ntchito zosiyanasiyana zomwe makasitomala osiyanasiyana ali nazo, ambiri ogulitsa madalaivala a LED amapereka mphamvu zokhotakhota pazomwe amapangira (katundu wamba motsutsana ndi kutentha kozungulira kokhotakhota ndi katundu motsutsana ndi.
3. Osamvetsetsa mawonekedwe ogwirira ntchito a LED
Makasitomala ena apempha kuti mphamvu yolowera ya nyali ikhale mtengo wokhazikika, wokhazikika ndi cholakwika cha 5%, ndipo zotulukapo zaposachedwa zitha kusinthidwa ku mphamvu yodziwika pa nyali iliyonse. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwa malo ogwira ntchito komanso nthawi zowunikira, mphamvu ya nyali iliyonse imasiyana kwambiri.
Makasitomala amapanga zopempha zotere, ngakhale amaganizira zamalonda ndi bizinesi. Komabe, mawonekedwe a volt-ampere a LED amatsimikizira kuti dalaivala wa LED ndiye gwero lanthawi zonse, ndipo mphamvu yake yotulutsa imasiyana ndi voliyumu yamtundu wa LED Vo. Mphamvu yolowera imasiyanasiyana ndi Vo pomwe mphamvu zonse za dalaivala zimakhala zokhazikika.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mphamvu yonse ya dalaivala ya LED idzawonjezeka pambuyo pa kutentha kwabwino. Pansi pa mphamvu yotulutsa yomweyi, mphamvu yolowera idzachepa poyerekeza ndi nthawi yoyambira.
Choncho, pamene ntchito yoyendetsa galimoto ya LED ikufunika kupanga zofunikira, iyenera kumvetsetsa kaye mawonekedwe a ntchito ya LED, pewani kuwonetsa zizindikiro zina zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi mfundo za machitidwe ogwira ntchito, ndipo pewani zizindikiro zomwe zimaposa zomwe zimafunikira kwenikweni, ndi kupewa khalidwe lapamwamba ndi kuwononga ndalama.
4. Zosavomerezeka panthawi yoyesedwa
Pakhala makasitomala omwe agula mitundu yambiri ya madalaivala a LED, koma zitsanzo zonse zidalephera pakuyesa. Pambuyo pake, atasanthula pamalowo, kasitomala adagwiritsa ntchito chowongolera chamagetsi chodziwongolera kuti ayese mwachindunji mphamvu ya dalaivala wa LED. Pambuyo pa kuyatsa, chowongolera chinasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono kuchokera ku 0Vac kupita ku voliyumu yogwiritsira ntchito ya dalaivala wa LED.
Kuyesa kotereku kumapangitsa kuti dalaivala wa LED azisavuta kuti ayambe ndikutsitsa pamagetsi ang'onoang'ono, zomwe zingapangitse kuti zomwe zikulowetsazo zikhale zazikulu kuposa mtengo wake, ndi zida zolumikizirana zamkati monga fuse, milatho yokonzanso, The Thermistor ndi zina zotero zimalephera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magetsi kapena kutentha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuyendetsa galimotoyo kulephera.
Chifukwa chake, njira yolondola yoyesera ndikusinthira chowongolera chamagetsi kumtundu wamagetsi opangira ma driver a LED, kenako ndikulumikiza dalaivala ku mayeso amagetsi.
Zachidziwikire, kukonza mwaukadaulo kungathenso kupewa kulephera komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuyesedwa kotereku: kukhazikitsa gawo lochepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi oyambira ndikuyika chitetezo cha undervoltage pakulowetsa kwa dalaivala. Pamene zolowetsazo sizikufika pamagetsi oyambira omwe amaikidwa ndi dalaivala, dalaivala sagwira ntchito; pamene magetsi olowera atsika kumalo otetezedwa a undervoltage, dalaivala amalowa m'malo otetezedwa.
Chifukwa chake, ngakhale njira zoyendetsera zowongolera zodzipangira zokha zimagwiritsidwabe ntchito pakuyesa kwamakasitomala, kuyendetsa kumakhala ndi ntchito yodziteteza ndipo sikulephera. Komabe, makasitomala ayenera kumvetsetsa bwino ngati zinthu zoyendetsa galimoto za LED zomwe zagulidwa zimakhala ndi chitetezo ichi chisanayesedwe (poganizira malo enieni a ntchito ya dalaivala wa LED, madalaivala ambiri a LED alibe ntchito yotetezera iyi).
5. Katundu wosiyanasiyana, zotsatira za mayeso osiyanasiyana
Pamene dalaivala wa LED akuyesedwa ndi kuwala kwa LED, zotsatira zake zimakhala zachilendo, ndipo ndi kuyesa kwamagetsi, zotsatira zake zingakhale zachilendo. Nthawi zambiri chodabwitsa ichi chimakhala ndi zifukwa zotsatirazi:
(1) Mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu kapena mphamvu ya dalaivala imaposa kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya mita yamagetsi. (Makamaka mu CV mode, mphamvu yoyesera kwambiri sayenera kupitirira 70% ya mphamvu yolemetsa kwambiri. Kupanda kutero, katunduyo akhoza kutetezedwa ndi mphamvu zambiri panthawi yotsegula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti galimoto isagwire ntchito kapena kunyamula.
(2) Makhalidwe a mita yamagetsi ogwiritsidwa ntchito si oyenera kuyeza gwero lanthawi zonse, ndipo kuthamanga kwa voliyumu yamagetsi kumachitika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti galimotoyo isagwire ntchito kapena kutsitsa.
(3) Chifukwa kulowetsa kwa mita yamagetsi yamagetsi kudzakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yamkati, kuyesako kuli kofanana ndi capacitor yaikulu yolumikizidwa mofanana ndi kutuluka kwa dalaivala, zomwe zingayambitse kusakhazikika kwamakono kwa dalaivala.
Chifukwa dalaivala wa LED adapangidwa kuti akwaniritse mawonekedwe opangira zounikira za LED, kuyesa kwapafupi kwambiri ndi ntchito zenizeni komanso zenizeni padziko lapansi kuyenera kukhala kugwiritsa ntchito mkanda wa LED ngati katundu, chingwe pa ammeter ndi voltmeter kuyesa.
6. Zinthu zotsatirazi zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri zimatha kuwononga dalaivala wa LED:
(1) AC imalumikizidwa ndi kutuluka kwa DC kwa dalaivala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti galimotoyo isalephereke;
(2) AC imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kulowetsa kapena kutuluka kwa galimoto ya DCs / DC, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti galimotoyo isawonongeke;
(3) Kutha kwanthawi zonse komwe kumatuluka ndi kuwala kosinthidwa kumalumikizidwa palimodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kulephera kwagalimoto;
(4) Mzere wa gawo umagwirizanitsidwa ndi waya wapansi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuyendetsa popanda kutulutsa ndi chipolopolocho;
7. Kulumikizana kolakwika kwa mzere wa Gawo
Kawirikawiri ntchito panja zomangamanga ndi 3-gawo anayi waya dongosolo, ndi muyezo dziko monga chitsanzo, aliyense gawo mzere ndi mzere 0 pakati pa oveteredwa opaleshoni voteji ndi 220VAC, mzere gawo ndi mzere gawo pakati voteji ndi 380VAC. Ngati wogwira ntchito yomangayo akugwirizanitsa zolowetsa pagalimoto ku mizere iwiri ya magawo, magetsi a magetsi a dalaivala a LED amadutsa mphamvu ikayatsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti katunduyo alephereke.
8. Kusinthasintha kwa gridi yamagetsi kumasiyana kupitirira malire oyenera
Pamene mawaya amtundu wa thiransifoma omwewo ndiatali kwambiri, pali zida zazikulu zamagetsi munthambi, pamene zida zazikulu zimayamba ndikuyimitsa, mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi idzasinthasintha kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale kuchititsa kusakhazikika kwa gridi yamagetsi. Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi ikadutsa 310VAC, ndizotheka kuwononga galimotoyo (ngakhale pali chipangizo choteteza mphezi sichigwira ntchito, chifukwa chipangizo choteteza mphezi chikuyenera kuthana ndi ma spikes ambiri a US, pomwe grid kusinthasintha kumatha kufika ambiri a MS, kapena mazana a ms).
Choncho, msewu kuunikira nthambi mphamvu Gridi ali lalikulu mphamvu makina kupereka chidwi chapadera, ndi bwino kuwunika mmene kusinthasintha mphamvu gululi, kapena osiyana mphamvu gululi gululi thiransifoma magetsi.
9. Kudumpha pafupipafupi kwa mizere
Nyali yomwe ili pamsewu womwewo imalumikizidwa kwambiri, zomwe zimabweretsa kuchulukira kwa katundu pagawo linalake, komanso kugawa kosagwirizana kwa mphamvu pakati pa facies, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mzerewo uziyenda pafupipafupi.
10. Thamangitsani Kutentha Kutentha
Pamene galimotoyo imayikidwa pamalo opanda mpweya wabwino, nyumba yoyendetsa galimotoyo iyenera kukhala yolumikizana ndi nyumba yowunikira, ngati mikhalidwe ikuloleza, mu chipolopolo ndi chigoba cha nyali pa malo okhudzidwa omwe amakutidwa ndi guluu woyendetsa kutentha kapena wokhazikika. kutentha conduction pad, kusintha kutentha dissipation ntchito pagalimoto, motero kuonetsetsa moyo ndi kudalirika kwa galimotoyo.
Mwachidule, madalaivala a LED mukugwiritsa ntchito zenizeni zambiri zomwe muyenera kuziganizira, zovuta zambiri ziyenera kufufuzidwa pasadakhale, kusintha, kupewa kulephera kosafunikira ndi kutayika!