Mhedzisiro yemwenje ye LED pakukura kwezvirimwa zvehorticultural
Kudzorwa kwechiedza pakukura nekukura kwechirimwa kunosanganisira kumera kwembeu, kureba kwedzinde, kukura kwemashizha nemidzi, phototropism, chlorophyll synthesis uye kuora, uye maruva induction. Mamiriro ekunze ekuvhenekesa munzvimbo iyi anosanganisira kusimba kwechiedza, nguva yekuvhenekera uye kugovera kwe spectral. Iyo yekugadzira yekuzadza mwenje inogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa zvinhu zvayo pasina kudziviswa nemamiriro ekunze.
Zvirimwa zvine sarudzo yekunyura kwechiedza, uye masaini masaini anonzwisiswa akasiyana mafoto receptors. Parizvino, kune angangoita matatu marudzi emafoto receptors muzvirimwa, mafoto sensitins (anotora dzvuku uye kure kure dzvuku mwenje), uye cryptochrome (inobvisa mwenje weblue uye Near ultraviolet mwenje) uye ultraviolet light receptors (UV-A uye UV-B) . Kushandisa yakananga wavelength mwenje sosi kuvhenekera chirimwa kunogona kuwedzera photosynthesis kunyatsoshanda kwechirimwa uye nekukasira kuumbwa kwechimiro chechiedza, nekudaro kusimudzira kukura nekukura kwechirimwa. Plant photosynthesis inonyanya kushandisa mwenje tsvuku yeorenji (610 ~ 720 nm) uye yebhuruu yepepuru mwenje (400 ~ 510 nm). Uchishandisa tekinoroji yeLED, zvinokwanisika kuburitsa mwenje wemonochromatic (senge mwenje dzvuku ine peak ye660 nm uye yebhuruu mwenje ine peak ye450 nm) zvinoenderana newavelength bhendi yenzvimbo yakasimba yekunyura yechlorophyll, uye iyo spectral domain. hupamhi ndeye ± 20 nm chete. Parizvino, zvinotendwa kuti mwenje mutsvuku weorenji uchamhanyisa kukura kwezvirimwa, kusimudzira kuunganidzwa kwechinhu chakaoma, kuumbwa kwema bulbs, midzi, mabhora emashizha uye dzimwe nhengo dzechirimwa, zvichiita kuti zvirimwa zvitumbuke uye zvisimbe kare, uye kutamba inotungamira. basa mukuwedzera kwemavara emiti; Bhuruu uye violet zvinogona kudzora mwenje wemashizha ezvirimwa, kukurudzira kuvhurika kwe stomatal uye chloroplast kufamba, inhibit stem elongation, kudzivirira chirimwa kukura, kunonoka maruva maruva uye kukurudzira kukura kwezvinomera; dzvuku nebhuruu maLED anogona kugadzira ese ari maviri monochrome Kushaikwa kwechiedza kunoumba spectral absorption peak iyo inopindirana nechirimwa photosynthesis uye morphogenesis, uye chiyero chekushandisa simba rechiedza chinogona kusvika 80% kusvika 90%, uye simba rekuchengetedza simba rinoshamisa. .
Kuiswa kwe LED kuzadza mwenje munzvimbo yekurima gadheni kunogona kuwana yakakura kwazvo kuwedzera mukugadzirwa. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti 300 μmol/(m2·s) LED mitsetse uye LED machubhu 12h (8:00～20:00) inozadza nhamba yemadomasi echerry, goho rakazara uye uremu hwemichero imwe inovandudzwa zvakanyanya, iyo LED Iyo mwenje inozadza. chiedza chakawedzera ne 42.67%, 66.89% uye 16.97%, maererano, uye chiedza chemwenje che LED chakawedzera ne 48.91%, 94.86% uye 30.86% maererano. Iyo yakazara nguva yekukura kwechiedza che LED kuzadza mwenje [tsvuku uye yebhuruu mwenje chiyero che3: 2, chiedza chakasimba che 300 μmol / (m2 · s)] kurapwa kunogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya muchero muchero wemhando uye chikamu chechikamu goho remelon uye eggplant, iyo melon yakawedzera ne5 .3%, 15.6%, eggplant yakawedzera ne7.6%, 7.8%. Kuburikidza nenguva yese yekukura LED mwenje wemhando uye kusimba kwayo uye nguva yemhepo yekumisikidza, inogona kupfupisa kutenderera kwechirimwa, kuvandudza goho rekutengesa, hutano hwemhando yepamusoro uye kukosha kwechimiro chezvigadzirwa zvekurima, uye kuwana kushanda kwakanyanya, kuchengetedza simba uye nehungwaru kugadzirwa. nzvimbo horticultural zvirimwa.