Ubuchwephesha bokubona ukukhanya kwe-LED eqhelekileyo
Kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwemithombo yokukhanya ye-LED kunye nemithombo yokukhanya yendabuko ngokobukhulu bomzimba kunye ne-flux ekhanyayo, i-spectrum, kunye nokusabalalisa kwendawo yokukhanya kokukhanya. Ukufunyanwa kwe-LED akukwazi ukukopa imigangatho yokufumanisa kunye neendlela zemithombo yokukhanya yendabuko. Umhleli wazisa iteknoloji yokufumanisa izibane eziqhelekileyo ze-LED.
Ukufunyanwa kweeparamitha ze-optical zezibane ze-LED
1.Ukubona ubunzulu bokukhanya
Ubunzulu bokukhanya, ubunzulu bokukhanya, bubhekisa kubungakanani bokukhanya okukhutshwa kwi-engile ethile. Ngenxa yokukhanya okugxininisiweyo kwe-LED, umthetho ophambeneyo wesikwere awusebenzi kumgama omfutshane. Umgangatho weCIE127 ubonelela ngeendlela ezimbini zokulinganisa umlinganiselo wokulinganisa ukukhanya kokukhanya: imeko yokulinganisa A (imeko yentsimi ekude) kunye nemeko yokulinganisa B (kufuphi nemeko yentsimi). Kwindlela yokukhanya kokukhanya, indawo ye-detector kuzo zombini iimeko i-1 cm2. Ngokwesiqhelo, ubunzulu obukhanyayo bulinganiswa kusetyenziswa imeko esemgangathweni B.
2. Ukukhanya okuguquguqukayo kunye nokufumanisa umphumo wokukhanya
Ukukhanya okuguquguqukayo sisimbuku somlinganiselo wokukhanya okhutshwa ngumthombo wokukhanya, oko kukuthi, ubungakanani bokukhanya okukhutshiweyo. Iindlela zokubona ikakhulu zibandakanya ezi ntlobo zi-2 zilandelayo:
(1) Indlela edibeneyo. Khanyisa isibane esisemgangathweni kunye nesibane phantsi kovavanyo ngokutshintshana kwinqanaba lokudibanisa, kwaye urekhode ukufundwa kwabo kwi-photoelectric converter njenge-Es kunye ne-ED, ngokulandelanayo. Umgangatho wokukhanya oqhelekileyo uyaziwa Φs, ngoko umlinganiselo wokukhanya olinganisiweyo ΦD = ED × Φs / Es. Indlela yokudibanisa isebenzisa umgaqo othi "umthombo wokukhanya wokukhanya", okulula ukuwusebenza, kodwa ochaphazelekayo ngokuphambuka kobushushu bombala wesibane esiqhelekileyo kunye nesibane esiphantsi kovavanyo, impazamo yokulinganisa inkulu.
(2) I-Spectroscopy. I-flux ekhanyayo ibalwa ukusuka kwi-spectral energy P (λ) ukuhanjiswa. Ukusebenzisa i-monochromator, ukulinganisa i-380nm ～ 780nm i-spectrum yesibane esiqhelekileyo kwi-sphere yokudibanisa, emva koko ulinganise i-spectrum yesibane phantsi kovavanyo phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, kwaye ubale ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwesibane phantsi kokuthelekisa.
Isiphumo sokukhanya ngumlinganiselo we-flux ekhanyayo ekhutshwa ngumthombo wokukhanya kumandla owasebenzisayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umphumo wokukhanya we-LED ulinganiswa ngendlela eqhubekayo yangoku.
3.Ukubona uphawu lweSpectral
Ukuchongwa kweempawu ze-LED ze-spectral ziquka ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okubonwayo, ulungelelwaniso lombala, ubushushu bombala, kunye nesalathiso sombala wonikezelo.
Ulwabiwo lwamandla eSpectral lubonisa ukuba ukukhanya komthombo wokukhanya kuqulunqwe ngamaza ombala amaninzi obude obuhlukeneyo, kwaye amandla emitha yobukhulu bokukhanya ahlukile. Lo mahluko ubizwa ngokuba yi-spectral power distribution yomthombo wokukhanya ngokomyalelo we-wavelength. I-Spectrophotometer (i-monochromator) kunye nesibane esiqhelekileyo sisetyenziselwa ukuthelekisa nokulinganisa umthombo wokukhanya.
Ulungelelwaniso olumnyama luyimali emele umbala okhupha ukukhanya womthombo wokukhanya kwitshati yolungelelwaniso ngendlela yedijithali. Zininzi iinkqubo zolungelelwaniso lweegrafu zolungelelwaniso lombala. Iinkqubo zokunxibelelanisa uX kunye noY zidla ngokusetyenziswa.
Ubushushu bombala sisixa esibonisa itafile yombala (imbonakalo yombala wembonakalo) yomthombo wokukhanya njengoko ibonwa liliso lomntu. Xa ukukhanya okukhutshwa ngumthombo wokukhanya ngumbala ofanayo nokukhanya okukhutshwa ngumzimba omnyama ngokupheleleyo kubushushu obuthile, ubushushu bubushushu bombala. Kwintsimi yokukhanyisa, ukushisa kombala kuyipharamitha ebalulekileyo echaza iimpawu ze-optical zomthombo wokukhanya. Ithiyori enxulumeneyo yobushushu bombala ithathwe kwimitha yomzimba emnyama, enokuthi ifunyanwe kulungelelwaniso lombala oluqulathe i-locus yomzimba omnyama ngolungelelwaniso lombala womthombo wokukhanya.
Isalathiso sombala sibonisa ubungakanani bokukhanya obubonakaliswa ngumthombo wokukhanya obonisa ngokuchanekileyo umbala wento. Idla ngokubonakaliswa ngesalathiso sonikezelo lombala jikelele uRa, apho uRa yi-avareji ye-arithmetic yesalathiso sombala wonikezelo lweesampulu ezisibhozo zemibala. Isalathiso sombala wesalathiso yiparameter ebalulekileyo yomgangatho wokukhanya, imisela uluhlu lwesicelo somthombo wokukhanya, kunye nokuphucula isalathisi sombala we-LED emhlophe ngomnye wemisebenzi ebalulekileyo yophando lwe-LED kunye nophuhliso.
4.Uvavanyo lokusasazwa kokukhanya kokukhanya
Ubudlelwane phakathi kobunzulu bokukhanya kunye ne-engile yendawo (ulwalathiso) lubizwa ngokuba lusasazo lokukhanya kobuxoki, kunye negophe elivaliweyo elenziwe ngolu sasazo libizwa ngokuba yi-curve yokusabalalisa ukukhanya. Ngenxa yokuba kukho amanqaku amaninzi okulinganisa, kwaye inqaku ngalinye licutshungulwa yidatha, ngokuqhelekileyo ilinganiswa ne-photometer yokusabalalisa ngokuzenzekelayo.
I-5.Impembelelo yempembelelo yeqondo lokushisa kwiimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-LED
Ubushushu buya kuchaphazela iimpawu ze-optical ze-LED. Inani elikhulu leemvavanyo lingabonisa ukuba ubushushu buchaphazela i-LED emission spectrum kunye nokulungelelanisa umbala.
6. Umlinganiselo wokuqaqamba komphezulu
Ukukhanya komthombo wokukhanya kwicala elithile bubushushu obukhanyayo bomthombo wokukhanya kwindawo eqikelelweyo yeyunithi kwelo cala. Ngokubanzi, iimitha zokuqaqamba komphezulu kunye neemitha zokuqaqambisa ezijolise kuzo zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukuqaqamba komphezulu.
Umlinganiselo wezinye iiparamitha zokusebenza kwezibane ze-LED
1.Umlinganiselo weeparamitha zombane zezibane ze-LED
Iiparamitha zombane ikakhulu zibandakanya phambili, i-voltage ebuyela umva kunye ne-reverse yangoku, ehambelana nokuba isibane se-LED sinokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zokulinganisa ipharamitha yombane wezibane ze-LED: i-parameter ye-voltage ivavanywa phantsi kombane othile; kwaye iparameter yangoku ivavanywa phantsi kwe-voltage eqhubekayo. Indlela ethile yile ilandelayo:
(1) Umbane wangaphambili. Ukufaka i-front current kwisibane se-LED ukuba sibonwe kuya kubangela ukuhla kwamandla ombane ekupheleni kwayo. Lungisa umthombo wamandla kunye nexabiso langoku kwaye urekhode ukufundwa okufanelekileyo kwi-voltmeter ye-DC, eyona nto iphambili yombane wesibane se-LED. Ngokwengqiqo efanelekileyo efanelekileyo, xa i-LED ihamba phambili, ukuchasana kuncinci, kwaye indlela yangaphandle ye-ammeter ichaneke ngakumbi.
(2) Reverse current. Faka i-voltage ebuyela umva kwizibane ze-LED ezivavanyiweyo kwaye ulungelelanise unikezelo lwamandla olulawulwayo. Ukufundwa kwe-ammeter ngumbane ojikelezayo wezibane ze-LED ezivavanyiweyo. Kuyafana nokulinganisa i-voltage yangaphambili, kuba i-LED inokumelana okukhulu xa iqhuba kwicala elingasemva.
2, Uvavanyo lweempawu ze-Thermal zezibane ze-LED
Iimpawu ze-thermal ze-LED zinempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwiimpawu ze-optical kunye nombane we-LEDs. Ukumelana ne-thermal kunye nobushushu be-junction zezona mpawu ziphambili ze-thermal ze-LED2. Ukumelana ne-thermal kubhekiselele ekuxhathiseni kwe-thermal phakathi kwe-PN junction kunye nomphezulu wecala, okuyiyo umlinganiselo womahluko weqondo lokushisa kunye nomjelo wokuhamba kobushushu ukuya kumandla achithwa kwijelo. Ubushushu besiphambuka bubhekisa kubushushu bePN yokuhlangana kwe-LED.
Iindlela zokulinganisa ubushushu be-junction ye-LED kunye nokumelana ne-thermal ngokubanzi: indlela ye-infrared micro-imager, indlela ye-spectrometry, indlela yepharamitha yombane, indlela yokuskena kwe-photothermal kunye nokunye. Ubushushu be-chip ye-LED bulinganiswe njengobushushu be-junction ye-LED kunye ne-microscope ye-infrared yobushushu okanye i-thermocouple encinci, kwaye ukuchaneka kwakunganelanga.
Okwangoku, indlela yeparamitha yombane iqhele ukusetyenziswa ukwenza unxulumano lomgca phakathi kokuhla kwamandla ombane angaphambili kwisiphambuka se-LEDPN kunye nobushushu besiphambuka se-PN, kwaye ufumane ubushushu besiphambuka se-LED ngokulinganisa umahluko wokuhla kwamandla ombane ngaphambili. amaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo.