Ipatheni yokukhanyisa kwebala
Ibala lemidlalo sisakhiwo semidlalo sangaphandle esikwaziyo ukukhuphisana ebaleni nasebaleni. Ubukhulu becala yenziwe ziindawo zokhuphiswano, iindawo zokuziqhelanisa neendawo zokutshekisha, iiholo, amagumbi ancedisayo kunye nezibonelelo. Kuba ibala lemidlalo liyindawo yokhuphiswano evulekileyo, indawo yomgangatho iphindwe kaninzi ukuya kwishumi elinesibini elikhulu kunebala lemidlalo. Ngokomzekelo, iprojekthi yebhola yeprojekthi esetyenziswa kakhulu kunye neendawo zokulandelela kunye nebala, umgama phakathi kweenjongo ezimbini ngu-105 ~ 110m, kwaye ibala lomkhondo lijikeleze ibala lebhola. Ke ngoko, ibala lemidlalo liyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoyilo lokukhanya kwezemidlalo kunye nobunzima. Kufuneka kuphela ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeembaleki zokhuphiswano kunye nokubukela abaphulaphuli, kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokudubula usasazo lwe-TV kunye ne-TV malunga nobushushu bombala, ukukhanya kunye nokufana kokukhanya. Le mfuno iphezulu kakhulu kuneemfuno zeembaleki kunye nabaphulaphuli. Ukongezelela, indlela yokukhanyisa izibane zokukhanyisa kufuneka ilungelelaniswe ngokusondeleyo kunye nokucwangciswa ngokubanzi kwebala lezemidlalo kunye nesakhiwo se-grandstand. Ngokukodwa, ukugcinwa kwezixhobo zokukhanyisa kuhambelana ngokusondeleyo noyilo lwezakhiwo kwaye kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngokubanzi.
Uyilo lokukhanyisa kwibala lezemidlalo lubonakaliswe ngokukhanya okukhulu kunye nemigama emide. Ke ngoko, indawo yokukhanyisa ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa izibane ezisebenza kakuhle kakhulu. Kukho iintlobo ezine zokukhanyisa: iinqaba ezine, iinqaba ezininzi, ibhande elikhanyayo kunye ne-hybrid. Yiyiphi indlela esetyenziswayo ixhomekeke kwiimpawu kunye nesakhiwo sesakhiwo sezemidlalo. Kuyilo lwezixhobo zokukhanyisa, ukukhanyiswa kweholo kunye nokukhanya okungxamisekileyo kwebala lokudlala kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ukuqinisekisa ukukhutshwa okukhuselekileyo.
Kwimeko yokunikezelwa kwamandla e-AC, abagijimi baya kuba nefuthe le-stroboscopic xa bejonga i-speed-speed sphere ehambayo, ngakumbi xa isantya sokuhamba siphezulu; kwangaxeshanye, usasazo lweTV luya kuchaphazeleka kakhulu. Ukulungiselela le njongo, isibane sesikhukula kufuneka sinikwe amandla ngamanqanaba amathathu ombane. Xa umbane wesigaba sesithathu udityanisiwe, inani lezibane ezixhunyiwe kwisigaba ngasinye lilingana, kwaye ukukhanya okuphuma kwiibhalbhu zokukhanya zezigaba ezahlukeneyo kuhlanganiswe kwintsimi yokunyakaza, kwaye umphumo we-stroboscopic unokupheliswa.
1. Umzila kunye nendlela yokukhanyisa intsimi
Ukhuphiswano lwengoma kunye nebala luseta umtsi omde, umtsi omde, ivault, ukujula kunye nebhola ekhatywayo embindini. Indawo ijikelezwe yimigaqo yeenqwelomoya. Umgangatho ubaleka ukuya kuma-400m, kwaye ume macala omabini esiza okanye kwelinye icala. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho iindlela ezintathu zokufaka ukukhanya komzila kunye nentsimi: ukufakwa kwipali, ukufakwa kwinqaba kunye nokufakwa kwe-luminaire usebenzisa isakhiwo sebala ngokwalo. Ufakelo oluxhonywe kwipali kunye nolunyuswe kwinqaba, ipali okanye ilighthouse ikude ubuncinane ne-1m kumda ongaphandle wendlela yeenqwelo-moya ukuthintela iimbaleki ukuba zingonzakaliswe yimpembelelo. Ubude bepali okanye i-lighthouse malunga ne-45m. Ubude obufanelekileyo bofakelo bubalulekile ekulawuleni ilitha kwibala lezemidlalo nokunciphisa ukuchitheka ngaphandle kwebala. Isiphumo esihle kukuqinisekisa ukuba isalathisi se-glare GR singaphantsi kwama-50.
2. Indlela yokukhanyisa ibala lebhola
Ngokutsho kweFIFA, ubude bebala lebhola li-105m ukuya kwi-110m kwaye ububanzi yi-68m ukuya kwi-75m. Akufanele kubekho imiqobo ubuncinane kwi-5m ngaphandle komgca ophantsi kunye necala lomgca wokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabadlali. Kukho izilungiso ezibini ezisisiseko zokukhanyisa indawo: ilungiselelo leekona ezine (i-luminaire ixhonywe kwinqaba ephakamileyo kufuphi nokwandiswa kwe-diagonal yekhosi), kunye nendawo yofakelo lwendlu yesibane eneekona ezine isetwa ngo-5:00 kwi i-sideline kunye ne-15 degrees ukusuka kumgca ophantsi. Umphakamo ubalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: h=dtgφ, h=umphakamo wendlu yesibane; d=umgama osuka kwindawo yokukhaba yenkundla ukuya kwindlu yesibane; i-engile phakathi kwendawo yokukhaba yebala lezemidlalo kunye nomzantsi kunye nomphezulu wendlu yesibane, efuna ngaphezu kwe-25 degrees; Ufakelo kwii-luminaires luphantsi kwaye izibane zifumaneka kuwo omabini amacala ekhosi. Ilungiselelo elisecaleni linokuhlulwa ngeendlela ezimbini: ukufakwa kweenqaba ezininzi (intonga), 2, 3 okanye 4 iinqaba (iintonga) kwicala lenkundla; ukufakwa kwebhanti elikhanyayo, izibane ezifakwe kwisilingi okanye endleleni, ukukhanya kunye nokwakhiwa kwebala lezemidlalo Umcu wokukhanya ohambelana nemiphetho.