1. Amapharamitha amanje/amandla kagesi ama-LED amhlophe (ahle futhi ahlehla)
I-LED emhlophe inesici esijwayelekile se-PN junction volt-ampere. Okwamanje kuthinta ngqo ukukhanya kwe-LED emhlophe kanye noxhumano oluhambisanayo lweyunithi yezinhlamvu ye-PN. Izici zama-LED amhlophe afanelekile kufanele zifaniswe. Kumodi ye-AC, okuphambene nakho kufanele kucatshangelwe. Izici zikagesi. Ngakho-ke, kufanele zihlolelwe ukwehla kwamandla kagesi angaphambili nangaphambili endaweni yokusebenza, kanye nemingcele efana nokuhlehla kokuvuza kwamanje kanye ne-voltage yokuhlehla yokuhlehla.
2. Ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokuguquguquka okukhazimulayo kwe-LED emhlophe
Ingqikithi yamandla kazibuthe kagesi akhishwa i-LED emhlophe eyunithi yesikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-radiant flux, okungamandla okubona (W). Ngomthombo wokukhanya we-LED omhlophe wokukhanyisa, okukhathaza kakhulu umphumela wokukhanya wokukhanya, okungukuthi, inani lokugeleza okukhazimulayo elikhishwa umthombo wokukhanya ongabangela iso lomuntu ukuba libone, okubizwa ngokuthi i-luminous flux. Isilinganiso sokugeleza okukhazimulayo kumandla kagesi wedivayisi simele ukusebenza kahle kwemisebe ye-LED emhlophe.
3. Ijika lokusabalalisa ukukhanya kwe-LED emhlophe
Ijika lokusabalalisa amandla okukhanya lisetshenziselwa ukukhombisa ukusatshalaliswa kokukhanya okukhishwa yi-LED kuzo zonke izinhlangothi zesikhala. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zokukhanyisa, ukusabalalisa kwamandla okukhanya kuyidatha eyisisekelo kakhulu lapho kubalwa ukufana kokukhanya kwendawo yokusebenza kanye nokuhlelwa kwendawo kwama-LED. Ku-LED lapho ugongolo lwendawo luhambisana ngokuzungezayo, lungamelwa ijika lendiza ye-axis ye-beam; ku-LED ene-elliptical beam, ijika lezindiza ezimbili eziqondile ze-axis ye-beam kanye ne-elliptical axis isetshenziswa. Ukumela isibalo esiyinkimbinkimbi esi-asymmetrical, ngokuvamile simelelwa ijika lendiza lezingxenye ezingaphezu kwezi-6 ze-axis yohlaka.
4, ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla e-spectral kwe-LED emhlophe
Ukusabalalisa amandla e-spectral ye-LED emhlophe kumelela umsebenzi wamandla akhazimulayo njengomsebenzi wobude begagasi. Inquma kokubili umbala we-luminescence kanye nokugeleza kwayo okukhanyayo kanye nenkomba yokunikeza umbala. Ngokuvamile, ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla e-spectral okuhlobene kumelelwa umbhalo S(λ). Lapho amandla e-spectral ehla aze afike ku-50% yenani lawo ezinhlangothini zombili zesiqongo, umehluko phakathi kwamaza wamaza amabili (Δλ=λ2-λ1) yibhendi ye-spectral.
5, izinga lokushisa lombala kanye nenkomba yokunikeza umbala ye-LED emhlophe
Ngomthombo wokukhanya njenge-LED emhlophe ekhipha ukukhanya okumhlophe kakhulu, izixhumanisi ze-chromaticity zingaveza ngokunembile umbala obonakalayo womthombo wokukhanya, kodwa inani elithile kunzima ukulihlanganisa nokubonwa kombala wokukhanya okuvamile. Abantu bavame ukubiza umbala obomvu-wolintshi onombala okhanyayo ngokuthi "umbala ofudumele", futhi ovutha kakhulu noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kancane kuthiwa "umbala obandayo". Ngakho-ke, kunengqondo kakhulu ukusebenzisa izinga lokushisa lombala ukukhombisa umbala okhanyayo womthombo wokukhanya.
7, ukusebenza okushisayo kwe-LED emhlophe
Ukwenziwa ngcono kokusebenza kahle okukhanyayo kwe-LED namandla okukhanyisa kungenye yezindaba ezibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwamanje kwemboni ye-LED. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokushisa le-PN junction ye-LED kanye nenkinga yokushisa ukushisa kwezindlu kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile kuvezwa ngamapharamitha afana nokumelana nokushisa, izinga lokushisa kwecala, kanye nezinga lokushisa le-junction.
I-8, ukuphepha kwemisebe ye-LED emhlophe
Njengamanje, i-International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) ilinganisa imikhiqizo ye-LED nezimfuneko zamalaser we-semiconductor ukuze kuhlolwe ukuphepha kwemisebe kanye nokuboniswa. Ngenxa yokuthi i-LED iwumugqa omncane, idivayisi ekhipha ukukhanya okukhazimulayo okuphezulu, uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi imisebe yayo ingase ibe yingozi ku-retina yeso lomuntu, izinga lamazwe ngamazwe licacisa imikhawulo nezindlela zokuhlola zemisebe esebenzayo yama-LED asetshenziswa ezikhathini ezahlukene. Ukuphepha ngemisebe ekukhanyiseni imikhiqizo ye-LED okwamanje kusetshenziswa njengemfuneko yokuphepha eyisibopho e-European Union nase-United States.
9, ukwethembeka nokuphila kwe-LED emhlophe
Amamethrikhi okuthembeka asetshenziselwa ukukala ikhono lama-LED okusebenza kahle ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Ukuphila konke isilinganiso sempilo ewusizo yomkhiqizo we-LED futhi kuvame ukuvezwa ngokwempilo ewusizo noma ukuphela kwempilo. Ezinhlelweni zokukhanyisa, impilo esebenzayo isikhathi esisithathayo ukuze i-LED ibole ifike kumaphesenti yenani lokuqala (inani elimisiwe) ngamandla alinganiselwe.
(1) Isilinganiso sempilo: Isikhathi esithathwayo ukuze inqwaba yama-LED akhanye ngesikhathi esifanayo, lapho ingxenye yama-LED angakhanyi ifinyelela ku-50% ngemva kwesikhathi esithile.
(2) Impilo yezomnotho: Uma kucutshungulwa kokubili ukulimala kwe-LED kanye nokuncishiswa kokuphuma kokukhanya, okukhiphayo okuhlanganisiwe kuyehliselwa engxenyeni ethile yesikhathi, engu-70% yemithombo yokukhanya yangaphandle kanye no-80% emithonjeni yokukhanya yangaphakathi.