Izindinganiso zokukhanyisa i-apron

Izindinganiso zokukhanyisa i-apron

Ukukhanyisa kwe-apron kuyingxenye edingekayo yokukhanyisa izikhumulo zezindiza zesimanje. Ukukhanya kwephinifa okuhle kusiza kakhulu ukuhamba kwephinifa kubashayeli bezindiza. Iphinde yandisa ukuphepha kanye nesivinini sokuqondisa, ikhwalithi yokugcinwa ngokunethezeka kwezimo zokubona kwabasebenzi abahambelayo. Zonke lezi yizici ezibalulekile zokwehluleka ukuphepha kanye nesevisi yendiza ethembekile.

Isidingo esiyisisekelo sokukhanyisa kwephinifa esishiwo emithethweni ye-International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) [1]. Ngokuvumelana ne-ICAO Riles iphinifa lichazwa ngokuthi "indawo esesikhumulweni sezindiza esisemhlabeni esihloselwe ukuhlalisa izindiza ngenjongo yokulayisha nokuthulula abagibeli, iposi nempahla; ukufaka uphethiloli; ukupaka noma ukulungisa". Imisebenzi eyinhloko yokukhanyisa i-apron yilezi:

• ukusiza umshayeli ukuba angene futhi aphume indiza yakhe endaweni yokugcina yokupaka;

• ukuhlinzeka ngokukhanyisa okulungele ukugibela nokwehliswa kwabagibeli, ukulayishwa nokuthulula impahla, ukufaka uphethiloli nokwenza omunye umsebenzi we-apron;

• gcina ukuphepha kwesikhumulo sezindiza.

Ukukhanya okufanayo kwendlela yokuhamba ngezinyawo ngaphakathi kwendawo yendiza (indawo yokupaka) kanye nomkhawulo wokucwebezela kuyizimfuneko ezinkulu. Kuyadingeka ukuthola izincomo ezilandelayo ze-ICAO:

• ukukhanya okumaphakathi okumaphakathi kufanele kungabi ngaphansi kwama-20 lx ezitendi zezindiza. I-uniformity ratio (ukukhanya okumaphakathi kuya kokuncane) akufanele kube ngaphezu kuka-4:1. Ukukhanya okumaphakathi okumaphakathi okumaphakathi okungamamitha ama-2 akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-20 lx eziqondisweni ezifanele;

• ukuze kugcinwe izimo zokubonakala ezamukelekayo ukukhanya okuphakathi nendawo okuvundlile ephinifa, ngaphandle kwalapho kwenziwa khona imisebenzi yesevisi, akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-50% wesilinganiso sokukhanya okuvundlile kwesitendi sendiza, ngaphakathi kwesilinganiso sokufana esingu-4:1 ( isilinganiso ukuya kokuncane). Indawo ephakathi kwezitendi zendiza kanye nomkhawulo wephinifa (impahla yesevisi, indawo yokupaka, imigwaqo yesevisi) kufanele ikhanyiswe ngokwesilinganiso sokukhanya okuvundlile okungu-10 lx.