Izinselelo zokukhanyisa kwe-LED ku-Horticulture

Yiqiniso, kunezinselele kunoma yikuphi ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa, futhi kunezinselele ekukhanyeni kwe-horticultural okusekelwe ku-LED. Njengamanje, isipiliyoni sobuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa i-solid state sisajulile kakhulu. Ngisho nososayensi bezitshalo asebeneminyaka eminingi behlanganyela basacwaninga “indlela yokukhanya” yezitshalo. Amanye alawa “mafomula” amasha awakwazi ukwenzeka njengamanje.

Abakhiqizi bezibani base-Asia bavame ukubekwa njengemikhiqizo ethengekayo kodwa esezingeni eliphansi, futhi imikhiqizo eminingi esezingeni eliphansi emakethe ayinazo izitifiketi ezifanele ezifana nezilinganiso ze-UL, kanye nemibiko ye-LM-79 luminaire nemibiko ye-LM-80 LED. Abalimi abaningi bazame ukufaka ukukhanya kwe-LED kusenesikhathi, kodwa bazizwa bekhungathekile ngenxa yokusebenza kabi kwe-luminaire, ngakho-ke izibani ze-sodium ezinomfutho ophezulu ziseyizinga legolide embonini.

Yiqiniso, kunemikhiqizo eminingi yokukhanyisa yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-LED emakethe. Kodwa-ke, abalimi be-horticultural nezimbali basadinga amamethrikhi angcono ahlobene nohlelo lokusebenza. Isibonelo, i-American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) Agricultural Lighting Committee yaqala ukuthuthukisa amamethrikhi ajwayelekile ngo-2015. Lo msebenzi ucubungula amamethrikhi ahlobene ne-PAR (Photosynthetically Active Radiation) spectrum. Ububanzi be-PAR ngokuvamile buchazwa njengebhendi ye-spectral engu-400-700 nm, lapho ama-photons ashayela khona i-photosynthesis. Amamethrikhi ajwayelekile ahlotshaniswa ne-PAR afaka i-photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) kanye ne-photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD).

Iresiphi namamethrikhi

“Iresiphi” kanye namamethrikhi kuhlanganiswe ngoba umlimi udinga amamethrikhi ukuze abone ukuthi ingabe i-luminaire yesitshalo ihlinzeka ngokushuba nokusatshalaliswa kwamandla e-spectral (SPD), okuhlanganisa “iresiphi”.

Ucwaningo lwangaphambili lwalugxile ebudlelwaneni bokumuncwa kwe-chlorophyll namandla e-spectral, njengoba i-chlorophyll iwukhiye wenqubo ye-photosynthesis. Ucwaningo lwaselabhorethri lubonise ukuthi ukuphakama kwamandla ku-spectra eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokubomvu kufana neziqongo zokumunca, kuyilapho amandla aluhlaza ekhombisa ukungamunceli. Ucwaningo lwangaphambili luholele ekwengezeni kokukhanya okuphinki noma okunsomi emakethe.

Nokho, ukucabanga kwamanje kugxile ekukhanyeni okunikeza amandla aphakeme ku-spectrum eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokubomvu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhipha ukukhanya okubanzi njengokukhanya kwelanga.

Ukukhanya okumhlophe kubaluleke kakhulu

Ukusebenzisa amalambu okukhula e-LED abomvu naluhlaza kuphela sekuphelelwe yisikhathi. Uma ubona umkhiqizo onale spectrum, usekelwe kusayensi endala futhi ngokuvamile awuqondwa kahle. Isizathu sokuthi abantu bakhethe okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokubomvu kungenxa yokuthi lezi ziqongo zamaza amaza zihambisana namajika okumunca e-chlorophyll a no-b ahlukaniswe eshubhu lokuhlola. Siyazi namuhla ukuthi wonke amaza okukhanya ebangeni le-PAR awusizo ekushayeleni i-photosynthesis. Akungabazeki ukuthi i-spectrum ibalulekile, kodwa ihlobene ne-morphology yezitshalo njengosayizi nokuma.

Singathonya ukuphakama nokuqhakaza kwezitshalo ngokushintsha i-spectrum. Abanye abalimi bahlala belungisa amandla okukhanya kanye ne-SPD ngoba izitshalo zinokuthile okufana nesigqi se-circadian, futhi izitshalo eziningi zinezigqi eziyingqayizivele kanye nezidingo "zokwakheka".

Inhlanganisela eyinhloko ebomvu neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ingase ibe yinhle kakhulu ezitshalweni ezinamaqabunga ezifana nolethisi. Kodwa wabuye wathi ezitshalweni eziqhakazayo, kuhlanganise notamatisi, ukuqina kunamandla kune-spectrum ekhethekile, u-90% wamandla esibani se-sodium somfutho ophezulu usendaweni ephuzi, kanye ne-lumens esitshalweni esiqhakazayo izibani ze-horticultural (lm. ), lux (lx) Futhi ukusebenza kahle kungase kunembe kakhulu kunamamethrikhi e-PAR-centric.

Ochwepheshe basebenzisa ama-LED amhlophe aguqulwe i-phosphor angu-90% ezikhanyisini zabo, kanti amanye ama-LED abomvu noma abomvu kakhulu, kanye nokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okusekelwe ku-LED okumhlophe kunikeza wonke amandla aluhlaza adingekayo ukuze kukhiqizwe kahle.