Igishushanyo mbonera cy'umuhanda
Amatara yo kumuhanda Mbere ya byose, abantu bazavuga amatara yumuhanda. Mubyukuri, igipimo cyacyo kiva mumihanda minini yo gutwara abantu mumijyi kugera kumihanda ihuza ibice mumijyi ituwe. Ntagushidikanya ko ikibazo cyingenzi ari itara ryimikorere. Imikorere yo kumurika umuhanda ahanini ni ukurinda umutekano w’umuhanda, gushimangira ubuyobozi bw’umuhanda, kunoza imikorere y’umuhanda, kongera umutekano w’umuntu ku giti cye, kugabanya umubare w’ibyaha, kuzamura imiterere y’imihanda, gutunganya umujyi, no guteza imbere ubukungu bw’akarere k’ubucuruzi. Amatara yo kumuhanda agira uruhare rw "ambasaderi w’umujyi" mu kumurika imijyi, kandi ibyiyumvo byabantu kuri uyu mujyi akenshi bitangirira hano.
Muri societe yiki gihe, ibyangombwa bisabwa byo kumurika umuhanda bigenda byiyongera. Niba abantu babonye ingaruka zamabara yumucyo mubyerekezo byumuhanda, amatara ya LED arakoreshwa mubisanzwe aho kuba amatara ya sodium yumuvuduko mwinshi. Byongeye kandi, ibisabwa muburyo bwo kwerekana imiterere no gukoresha ibikoresho byagiye byibandwaho buhoro buhoro, nkimiterere yinkingi no gukoresha amatara. Mubyukuri, amatara yo kumuhanda nayo afite indi mirimo, nko gufasha abantu kumenya ibidukikije bitamenyerewe no kumurika ibyapa byumuhanda.
Amahame yo gushushanya umuhanda:
1. Umutekano: Urashobora kubona ahantu nyaburanga nintera yinzitizi cyangwa abanyamaguru kumuhanda, ninde ushobora kuguha ibihe bidasanzwe, nkurwego n’aho byangiritse kumuhanda.
2. Inducibilité: Irashobora kubona neza ubugari, ubwoko bwumurongo nuburyo imiterere yumuhanda, kandi irashobora kubona neza intera nuburyo imiterere y’amasangano, abinjira n’imihanda.
3. Ihumure: Irashobora kumenya ubwoko bwibindi binyabiziga (gusobanukirwa ubugari bwumubiri) n'umuvuduko wo kugenda, kandi irashobora kumenya ibimenyetso byumuhanda nibindi bikoresho bya peripheri.
4. Ubukungu: Biroroshye kubungabunga no gucunga. Hashingiwe ku kuzuza ibipimo, umubare wamatara uragabanuka uko bishoboka kwose, aribyo kuzigama ubukungu ningufu.
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'umuhanda:
1. Sobanura neza umuhanda
Imiterere yumuhanda nkibice byumuhanda, pavement hamwe nubugari bwakarere ka wenyine, ibikoresho byubuso bwumuhanda hamwe na coeffisente yamabara atandukanye, igipimo cyumurongo wa radiyo, ubwinjiriro bwumuhanda no gusohoka, guhuza indege hamwe nuburyo butatu bwo guhuza ibice ni amakuru yambere yabonetse. Icyatsi, inyubako kumpande zombi zumuhanda, igishushanyo mbonera cyumujyi, nibidukikije bikikije umuhanda nabyo ni ibintu bigomba kwitabwaho. Byongeye kandi, urujya n'uruza rw'abanyamaguru, umuvuduko w'impanuka zo mu muhanda hamwe n'umutekano rusange uri hafi nawo ugomba kumvikana.
2. Kugena urwego rwumuhanda nigishushanyo mbonera ukurikije uko umuhanda umeze
Imihanda yo mumijyi igabanyijemo inzego eshanu: inzira nyabagendwa, imihanda minini, imihanda ya kabiri, imihanda yishami n'imihanda aho batuye. Ukurikije uko umuhanda umeze, kugena urwego rwumuhanda nintambwe yambere mugushushanya amatara. Ukurikije ibipimo byerekana amatara, menya ibipimo ngenderwaho bisabwa byerekana urumuri, harimo impuzandengo yumucyo, uburinganire bwumucyo, urwego rwo kugenzura urumuri, nibindi, aho bikenewe kugirango ukoreshe ibipimo byo gupima urumuri, umenye itara risabwa.
3. Menya gahunda yamatara nuburebure bwamatara
Amatara asanzwe nugushiraho itara rimwe cyangwa bibiri kumuhanda kumurongo wamatara, utunganijwe kuruhande rumwe, impande ebyiri cyangwa umukandara wo hagati wumuhanda. Uburebure bwa pole rusange yumucyo buri munsi ya metero 15. Ikiranga nuko buri tara rishobora kumurika neza umuhanda, rifite ubukungu, kandi rishobora kugira induction nziza kumurongo. Kubwibyo, irashobora gukoreshwa mumihanda, amasangano, parikingi, ibiraro, nibindi. gucana inkingi, bitagaragara neza kumanywa bigahinduka "inyanja yumucyo" nijoro, hamwe ninkingi zumucyo Byinshi, imirimo yo kubungabunga iriyongera
Intambwe yo kumurika umuhanda:
4. Hitamo isoko yumucyo n'amatara
Inkomoko yumucyo ikoreshwa mumatara yumuhanda cyane cyane amatara ya LED ifite ingufu nyinshi, amatara ya sodium yumuvuduko ukabije, amatara ya sodium yumuvuduko mwinshi, amatara ya mercure yumuvuduko mwinshi n'amatara ya halide. Ibiranga umuhanda bigira uruhare runini muguhitamo amasoko yumucyo kumurika umuhanda. Mubyongeyeho, ibisabwa byamabara yumucyo, gutanga amabara no gukora neza nabyo bizagira ingaruka kumahitamo yumucyo.
5. Imiterere nigishushanyo cyumucyo
Guhitamo amatara n'amatara ntibigomba gutekereza gusa ku gishushanyo mbonera cy’urumuri, ahubwo binitondera guhuza ibikorwa n’itara, cyane cyane niba imiterere rusange y’itara n’itara ryujuje ibisabwa n’ahantu nyaburanga. Inkingi zoroheje zikoreshwa mumatara yumuhanda ningirakamaro cyane mumiterere yimihanda kumanywa. Imiterere n'ibara bya pole yumucyo, igipimo nubunini bwa pole yumucyo kuri base bigomba kuba bihuye nimiterere yumuhanda nubunini bwumuhanda.
6. Kumenyekanisha intera yamatara, uburebure bwa cantilever nuburebure bwamatara
Mugihe cyo kuzuza ibipimo byerekana amatara asabwa, banza uhitemo uburyo bumwe cyangwa bwinshi bwo kumurika, harimo uburebure bwamatara bwamatara, umwanya wamatara, nibindi, ukoresheje porogaramu ishushanya amatara, nka software ya OAK LED yamashanyarazi DIALUX na izindi porogaramu zo kumurika, nibindi. Kora ibara ryabafasha kugirango ubare intera ishoboka munsi yubwoko bumwe bwamatara nisoko yumucyo byatoranijwe. Mu kubara, icyerekezo cyo kumurika kirashobora guhinduka muguhindura uburebure bwitara, umwanya w itara ugereranije nubuso bwumuhanda, hamwe nu mpande ndende. Ukurikije ibisobanuro byuzuye hamwe nuwashushanyije Hitamo gahunda nziza ishingiye kuburambe ku giti cyawe, cyangwa uhindure ibipimo bimwe na bimwe hanyuma ubare kugirango ugere kuri gahunda ishimishije.