Izibane zebala
Iindlela zokukhanyisa ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiindawo zezemidlalo zihamba kakhulu ngeendlela ezilandelayo: indawo yezemidlalo yangaphandle, uhlobo lwesibonda esikhanyayo, uhlobo lwe-tower ezine, uhlobo lwe-multi tower, uhlobo lwebhanti elikhanyayo, ibhanti elikhanyayo kunye ne-lighthouse hybrid type; indawo yezemidlalo yangaphakathi, uhlobo olufanayo (isitayela seNkwenkwezi), uhlobo lwebhanti elikhanyayo (ngaphezu kwebala kunye naphezu kwebala), exutywe.
Uyilo lweenqaba ezine:
Izibane ezine zokukhanyisa zibekwe kwiikona ezine zesiza. Ukuphakama kwenqaba ngokuqhelekileyo kungama-25 ukuya kwi-50 m, kwaye izibane ezinqamlekileyo zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo. Eli lungiselelo lifanelekile kumabala ebhola ekhatywayo ngaphandle kweendlela zokuhamba, ukusetyenziswa kokukhanya okuphantsi, ukugcinwa okunzima kunye nokulungiswa, kunye neendleko eziphezulu. Ukuba umgangatho wokukhanyisa awufuni ngokugqithiseleyo, unokuhlangabezana neemfuno eziqhelekileyo zabadlali kunye nabaphulaphuli. Indawo efanelekileyo yendlu yesibane idala usasazo olufanelekileyo lokukhanyisa ebaleni ngokusebenzisa iingqikelelo ezahlukeneyo zee-angle ze-beam. Kodwa namhlanje, iimuvi kunye nomabonwakude zifuna ukukhanya okuphezulu kunye okufanayo okuthe nkqo, kufuna ukuba i-angle yesiganeko sokukhanya kwindawo ekude yentsimi ingaphantsi kakhulu kumda omiselweyo. Umphumo wokukhanya okuphezulu okufunyenwe kunye nezibane ezinkulu zokukhupha igesi, ezidityaniswe nokuphakama kwenqaba yendabuko, ngokuqinisekileyo kuvelisa ukukhanya okugqithisileyo. Intsilelo yale fom yesibane yesibane kukuba utshintsho olubonakalayo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokujonga zikhulu kwaye izithunzi zinzulu. Ngokwembono yosasazo lukamabonakude olunemibala, kunzima kakhulu ukulawula ukukhanya okuthe nkqo kuwo onke amacala kunye nokulawula ilitha. Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nemfuno yexabiso le-Ev/Eh 44 kunye nokubengezela okuncinci, kuyimfuneko ukuthatha amanyathelo okuphucula indlela yokukhanyisa iinqaba ezine:
(1) Shenxisa ukuma kweenqaba ezine emacaleni kunye necala lomgca ukuze icala elichasene nebala kunye neekona ezine zifumane ukukhanya okuthile okuthe nkqo;
(2) ukwandisa inani lezibane zesikhukula kwindlu yesibane ecaleni kwekhamera enkulu kamabonwakude ukuze kuphuculwe imbonakalo yemitha;
(3) Fakela isikhanyiso somtya wokukhanya kumphezulu weqonga lokubukela kwicala lekhamera enkulu yeTV. Nikela ingqalelo ekulawuleni ilitha yaye akufanele ubenze abaphulaphuli bazo zombini iziphelo zendibano
Yive.
Uyilo lweenqaba ezininzi:
Olu hlobo lwesibane lusetyenziselwa ukuseka iqela lezindlu zokukhanya (okanye iipali zokukhanya) kumacala omabini esayithi, ezifanelekileyo kwiindawo zokuzilolonga ezifana nebhola ekhatywayo, ibhola yevoli, iinkundla zentenetya, njl njl. okuphantsi, kunye nokukhanya okuthe nkqo kunye nokukhanya okuthe tye kungcono. Ngenxa yesibonda esiphantsi, eli lungiselelo lineenzuzo zotyalo-mali oluphantsi kunye nokugcinwa okufanelekileyo.
Iipali zifanele zilungelelaniswe ngokulinganayo, kwaye iinqaba ezi-6 okanye ezi-8 zinokucwangciswa. Ubude bepali akufanele bube ngaphantsi kwe-12m, i-angle yokubonisa kufuneka ibe phakathi kwe-15 ° kunye ne-25 °, kwaye i-angle yentelekelelo ukuya kwicala elisecaleni lesiza akufanele idlule i-75 ° kubuninzi, kwaye ubuncinane bungekho ngaphantsi kwe. 45°. . Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-beam ephakathi kunye ne-wide beam floodlight iyasetyenziswa. Ukuba kukho indawo yokubukela, umsebenzi wokulungiselela iingongoma ekujoliswe kuzo kufuneka ucaciswe kakhulu. Ukungalungi kolu hlobo lwelaphu kukuba kunzima ukuvala umgca wombukeli xa isibonda sibekwe phakathi kwebala kunye ne-auditorium. Kwibala lebhola ekhatywayo ngaphandle kosasazo lukamabonwakude, isixhobo sokukhanyisa esisecaleni samkela ilungiselelo leenqaba ezininzi, kwaye alamkeli ilungiselelo lebhanti le-optical. I-lighthouse idla ngokubekwa kumacala omabini omdlalo. Ngokubanzi, ukuphakama kwendlu yokukhanya ye-multi-tower ukukhanya kunokuba ngaphantsi kweekona ezine. I-multi-tower icwangciswe ngeenqaba ezine, iinqaba ezintandathu kunye neenqaba ezisibhozo. Ukuze ugweme ukuphazamiseka komgca wombono womgcini-njongo, i-midpoint yomgca wokukora isetyenziswe njengendawo yesalathiso, kwaye i-lighthouse ayinakulungiswa ubuncinane kwi-10 m kumacala omabini omgca ophantsi. Ukuphakama kwendlu yokukhanya yokukhanya kweenqaba ezininzi kubalwa. Unxantathu ubalwa nge-perpendicular kwikhosi, ihambelana nomgca ophantsi, ≥25 °, kunye nokuphakama kwendlu yokukhanya ngu-h≥15m.
Uyilo lwebhanti yokubona:
Izibane zicwangciswe ngokwemiqolo kumacala omabini enkundla ukwenza inkqubo yokukhanyisa eqhubekayo. Ukukhanya kwayo okufanayo, ukukhanya phakathi komdlali kunye nebala kungcono. Okwangoku, olu hlobo lwendlela yokukhanyisa ibonwa kwihlabathi ukuze ihlangabezane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zosasazo lukamabonakude wombala wokukhanyisa. Ubude bebhanti lokukhanya bungaphezulu kwe-10m ngaphezu komgca wokukora (umzekelo, ibala lezemidlalo elinomgaqo weenqwelo-moya, ubude bebhanti lokukhanya kukhethwa ukuba bungabi ngaphantsi kwe-180m) ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo yokujolisa inokukhanya okwaneleyo okuthe nkqo okuvela ngasemva. Ngeli xesha, i-angle yokubonisa ingancitshiswa ibe malunga ne-20 °. Ukuba i-illuminator ekhanyayo isetyenzisiweyo, inokuncitshiswa ngakumbi malunga ne-15 °. Ezinye izibane zebala lezemidlalo zisondele kakhulu kumda wecala lesiza (i-engile ingaphezulu kwe-65 °), kwaye umda othe nkqo wesiza awunakufunyanwa. Oku kuya kwandisa ukhanyiso olongezelelweyo “olurhoxisiweyo”.
Ngokubanzi, ilungiselelo lebhanti le-optical lisebenzisa indibaniselwano yee-engile ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ze-engile zokubonisa, umqadi omxinwa wokudubula okude kunye nomqadi ophakathi okufutshane. Iintsilelo zolungiselelo lwebhanti ye-optical: ubuchule bokulawula ukukhazimla bungqongqo, kwaye ukuvakalelwa komzimba wento kuncinci.
Uyilo oluxutyiweyo:
Ukulungelelaniswa kwe-hybrid luhlobo olutsha lwendlela yokukhanyisa edibanisa i-4 okanye i-multi-tower-tower kunye ne-optical belt arrangement. Okwangoku libala elikhulu elibanzi emhlabeni ukusombulula itekhnoloji yokukhanyisa kunye nesiphumo sokukhanyisa yindlela engcono yokukhanyisa ilaphu. Ulungelelwaniso oluxutyiweyo lufunxa iingenelo zeentlobo ezimbini zezibane zokuphucula ingqiqo yokuqina, kunye nokukhanya okuthe nkqo kunye nokufana kwiindlela ezine kunengqiqo ngakumbi, kodwa iqondo lokuvutha liyanda. Ngeli xesha, iinqaba ezine azimiselwanga ngokuzimeleyo, kodwa zidibaniswe nezakhiwo, kwaye iindleko zincinci.
Izibane ezisetyenziswa kwiinqaba ezine ubukhulu becala ziyimiqadi emxinwa, ezisombulula ukudubula okude; amabhanti okukhanya ubukhulu becala aphakathi, asombulula uqikelelo olusondeleyo. Ngenxa yolungelelwaniso oluxubileyo, i-angle yokubonisa kunye ne-azimuth yokucwangciswa kweenqaba ezine ziyakwazi ukucutshungulwa ngokuguquguqukayo, ubude belungiselelo lomgca wokukhanya bunokunqunyulwa ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ukuphakama komgca wokukhanya kunokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ulwakhiwo kunye nofakelo:
Imisebenzi yoluntu yebala lezemidlalo inxulumene ngokusondeleyo nesikimu sokukhanyisa sonke. Xa kungekho shed okanye ukungabikho kwamalungiselelo kubaphulaphuli, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ukufakwa kwebhuloho yokukhanya eyahlukileyo. Nokuba zingasetyenziswa na okanye zingasebenzisi izibane ezineenqaba, isebe locwangciso lwasezidolophini kufuneka kuboniswane nalo, kwaye iipatheni zokukhanyisa iinqaba ezine kunye neepatheni ezininzi zinxulumene ngokusondeleyo nempembelelo yobugcisa iyonke yesakhiwo. Ingaba usebenzisa i-four-tower, i-multi-tower, i-light-belt okanye i-hybrid layout, ukufakwa, ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kwee-luminaires kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo kwinqanaba lokukhetha.
Sithethanje, amabala emidlalo amaninzi ehlabathini asebenzisa izibane zokukhanya, ubukhulu becala imibhobho emithathu yentsimbi okanye izibane zentsimbi ezidibanisa imibhobho emininzi, kwakunye nekonkile eqinisiweyo enamacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye nezibane zokukhanya eziqinisiweyo.