Umklamo wokukhanyisa onguthelawayeka
Ukukhanyisa emgwaqweni Okokuqala, abantu bazokhuluma ngokukhanyisa kwezimoto. Eqinisweni, ububanzi bayo busuka emigwaqweni emikhulu yezokuthutha zasemadolobheni iye emigwaqweni ehlukene ezindaweni zokuhlala zasemadolobheni. Akungabazeki ukuthi indaba ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhanya okusebenzayo. Imisebenzi yokukhanyisa emgwaqeni ngokuyinhloko iwukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwethrafikhi, ukuqinisa ukuqondiswa kwethrafikhi, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwethrafikhi, ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha komuntu siqu, ukunciphisa izinga lobugebengu, ukuthuthukisa ukunethezeka kwemvelo yomgwaqo, ukwenza idolobha libe lihle, kanye nokukhuthaza ukuchuma komnotho ezindaweni zezohwebo. Izibani zomgwaqo zidlala indima "yenxusa lesithombe" sedolobha ekukhanyisweni kwasemadolobheni, futhi imizwa yabantu ngedolobha ivame ukuqala lapha.
Emphakathini wanamuhla, izidingo zokunethezeka zokukhanya komgwaqo ziya ngokuya ziba phezulu. Uma abantu beqaphela umphumela wombala okhanyayo embonweni wethrafikhi, amalambu e-LED okwamanje asetshenziswa ngokuvamile esikhundleni samalambu e-sodium anengcindezi ephezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidingo zokuklama imodeli kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ziye zagcizelelwa kancane kancane, njengokuma kwesigxobo nokusetshenziswa kwezibani. Eqinisweni, amalambu asemgwaqweni aneminye imisebenzi, njengokusiza abantu bathole indawo abangayijwayele nokukhanyisa izimpawu zomgwaqo.
Izimiso zokuklama ukukhanya komgwaqo:
1. Ukuphepha: Ungabona indawo ngqo nebanga lezithiyo noma abahamba ngezinyawo emgwaqeni, abangakunikeza izimo ezingavamile, njengezinga nendawo yokulimala komgwaqo.
2. Inducibility: Ingakwazi ukubona ngokucacile ububanzi, uhlobo lomugqa kanye nesakhiwo somgwaqo, futhi ingabona ngokucacile ibanga nezimo zezimpambanondlela, ukujika nokujika komgwaqo.
3. Ukunethezeka: Ingakwazi ukubona uhlobo lwezinye izimoto (iqonde ububanzi bomzimba) kanye nesivinini sokunyakaza, futhi ikwazi ukubona izimpawu zomgwaqo nezinye izinsiza eziseduze.
4. Ezomnotho: Kulula ukuyinakekela nokuyiphatha. Ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuhlangabezana namazinga, inani lezibani liyancishiswa ngangokunokwenzeka, okonga nokonga amandla.
Idizayini yokukhanyisa umgwaqo:
1. Izimo zomgwaqo ezicacile
Izimo zomgwaqo ezifana nefomu lesigaba somgwaqo, indawo egandayiwe kanye nobubanzi bendawo ehlukanisiwe, impahla yomgwaqo kanye ne-coefficient yombala ephambene, i-radius yejika lejika, indawo yokungena nophumayo yomgwaqo, ukuphambana kwendiza kanye nesakhiwo sempambana-mgwaqo enezinhlangothi ezintathu kuyidatha yokuqala etholiwe. Ukutshala, izakhiwo ezinhlangothini zombili zomgwaqo, ukuhlelwa kwedolobha, kanye nemvelo ezungezile umgwaqo nakho kufanele kubhekwe. Ukwengeza, ukugeleza kwethrafikhi kanye nezinga lokugeleza kwabahamba ngezinyawo, izinga lezingozi zomgwaqo kanye nesimo sokuphepha somphakathi esiseduze nakho kufanele kuqondwe.
2. Ukunquma izinga lomgwaqo kanye namazinga okuklama ngokwezimo zomgwaqo
Imigwaqo yasemadolobheni ihlukaniswe ngamaleveli amahlanu: imigwaqo, imigwaqo emikhulu, imigwaqo emincane, imigwaqo yamagatsha kanye nemigwaqo ezindaweni zokuhlala. Ngokwezimo zomgwaqo, ukunquma ibanga lomgwaqo kuyisinyathelo sokuqala ekwakhiweni kokukhanyisa komgwaqo. Ngokwamazinga wedizayini yokukhanyisa, nquma izinkomba zekhwalithi yokukhanyisa ezidingekayo, okuhlanganisa ukukhanya okumaphakathi, ukufana kokukhanya, ileveli yokulawula ukuxhopha, njll., lapho kufaneleka khona ukusebenzisa izinkomba zokulinganisa ukukhanya, nquma ukukhanya okudingekayo.
3. Thola ukuhlelwa kwezibani kanye nokuphakama kokufakwa kwezibani
Ukukhanyisa okuvamile ukufaka isibani esisodwa noma ezimbili zomgwaqo esigxotsheni sokukhanya, esihlelwe eceleni kohlangothi olulodwa, izinhlangothi ezimbili noma ibhande eliphakathi lomgwaqo. Ukuphakama kwesigxobo sokukhanya okujwayelekile kungaphansi kwamamitha ayi-15. Isici saso siwukuthi isibani ngasinye singakhanyisa ngokuphumelelayo umgwaqo, siyonga kakhulu, futhi singaba nethonya elihle ejikeni. Ngakho-ke, ingasetshenziswa emigwaqweni, ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo, ezindaweni zokupaka, amabhuloho, njll. Okubi yilokhu: Ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo ezinkulu ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu, izindawo zokuthutha, amatoll plaza, njll., kuzoba nesiphithiphithi sezigxobo zokukhanya ezikhanyiswe izigxobo zokukhanyisa, ezingabonakali kakhulu emini futhi ziba "ulwandle lokukhanya" ebusuku, nezigxobo zokukhanya Kakhulu, umthwalo wokulungisa uyanda.
Izinyathelo zokuklama izibani zomgwaqo:
4. Khetha umthombo wokukhanya nezibani
Imithombo yokukhanya esetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa emgwaqweni ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa izibani ze-LED ezinamandla amakhulu, izibani ze-sodium ezinengcindezi ephansi, izibani ze-sodium ezicindezela kakhulu, izibani ze-mercury eziphezulu zokucindezela kanye nezibani zensimbi ze-halide. Izici zomgwaqo zinethonya elikhulu ekukhethweni kwemithombo yokukhanya yokukhanyisa emgwaqweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidingo zombala okhanyayo, ukunikezwa kombala nokusebenza kahle kokukhanya kuzothinta nokukhethwa komthombo wokukhanya.
5. Isitayela nokuklama kwesigxobo sokukhanya
Ukukhethwa kwezibani nezibani akufanele kucabangele umklamo wokuhlola ukukhanya kuphela, kodwa futhi unake ukusebenzisana nensika yesibani, ikakhulukazi ukuthi ukwakheka okuphelele kwesibani nesigxobo sesibani kuhlangabezana nezidingo zokwakheka komgwaqo. Izigxobo zokukhanya ezisetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa emgwaqweni zibaluleke kakhulu esimweni sasemini semigwaqo. Ifomu nombala wesigxobo sokukhanya, isilinganiso kanye nobukhulu besigxobo sokukhanya kuya esisekelweni kufanele kuhambisane nemvelo yomgwaqo kanye nesikali somgwaqo.
6. Ukunqunywa kwesikhala sesigxobo sesibani, ubude be-cantilever kanye ne-engeli yokuphakama kwesibani
Ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuhlangabezana nezinkomba zokukhanyisa ezidingekayo, okokuqala khetha ilungiselelo lokukhanyisa elilodwa noma amaningana, okuhlanganisa ukuphakama kokufakwa kwezibani, indawo yokubeka isibani, njll., ngokusebenzisa isofthiwe yokuklama izibani, njenge-software ye-OAK LED yokuklama ukukhanya kwe-DIALUX kanye enye isofthiwe yokuklama izibani, njll. Yenza izibalo ezisizayo ukuze ubale isikhala esingaba khona ngaphansi kohlobo olufanayo lwesibani nomthombo wokukhanya okhethiwe. Ekubaleni, inkomba yokukhanyisa ingashintshwa ngokulungisa ukuphakama kwesibani, indawo yesibani esihlobene nomgwaqo womgwaqo, kanye ne-engeli yokuphakama. Ngokucatshangelwa okuphelele kanye nomklami Khetha uhlelo olulungile olususelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho komuntu siqu, noma ulungise amapharamitha athile futhi ubale kabusha ukuze uzuze uhlelo lokuklama olugculisayo.